In-text citations. Use references in the text. For APA, you only use the authors' names and year in the text. If you use a direct e, you will also need to use a page number. Narrative citations: If an in-text citation contains the authors' names as part of the sentence, outside of parentheses, place the year and page numbers. APA format requires that you cite all authors at first mention if there are three. , four or five, and use “et al.” " after. If there are six or more authors, you can use "et al." at the first mention. In all cases, you must use the last name of the first author followed by "et al." in your quotation in the text. Et al. which means "and the others", refers to people or names Etc is the abbreviation of the Latin expression etcetera and means "and the rest" or "and so on." continued". Etc. does not refer to specific people or names like: The same applies to Chicago footnotes: 1. Rachel Johnson et al. Styles of Architecture Miami: Classic Press, 2021. Conclusion. Understanding how to use et al. with your referencing style is crucial to maintaining consistency and clarity in your academic writing. It streamlines referencing sources with multiple authors and ensures, Revised the. provides the author's last name and a page number in parentheses If a source has two authors, name both. If a source has more than two authors, name only the first author, followed by "et al." ". If the part you are quoting spans multiple pages, include the full range of pages. The format of citations differs from one citation style to another. Two of those offered in Word which use the, et al. the abbreviations are Harvard Anglia and MLA. However, both only use it for works by four or more authors. Another thing: you should use the Corporate Author box only for works produced by a company rather than by. Otherwise, use et al. In the style of referencing Harvard, et al. is always italicized in the text and full references. In-text citations with four or more authors will always use the first author's last name followed by et al. in the reference in the text. Listing each author in the in-text citation would significantly disrupt the text. To illustrate points about each step of the scientific writing process, we draw from examples throughout the guide by Kilner et al. an article on the brown-headed cowbird, a species of bird that lays its eggs in the nests of other bird species, or hosts, published in the journal Science. Kilner et al. investigate why the cowherd,