8. Summary. Gene therapy is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy that circumvents the limitations of pharmacological treatments such as chemoresistance and inability to rectify genetic defects. However, the challenge lies in introducing a plasmid gene or modified gene into the cell of interest. Over the past decades, gene therapy has gained immense importance in medical research as a promising treatment strategy for diseases such as cancer, AIDS, and Alzheimer's disease. , and many genetic disorders. The mechanisms of gene delivery based on viral and non-viral vectors are presented, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of gene therapy, initially intended for the treatment of hereditary diseases, which currently has the potential to provide curative interventions to many medical fields. Unlike traditional protein- or chemical-based therapies, gene therapy, in principle, provides “one-off” curative benefits after the introduction of the correct genetic material. This article discusses gene therapy and its different types, with its advantages and disadvantages. Gene therapy technique has been introduced to correct the faulty genes responsible for the development of the disease. Gene therapy is the insertion, modification, or deletion of genes into an individual's biological cells and tissues to be treated, Harvard researchers and others share their perspectives on key questions in the field. Medicine is at a turning point, on the cusp of major changes, as disruptive technologies such as gene, RNA and cell therapies allow scientists to approach diseases in new ways. The speed of this change is due to innovations such as CRISPR gene editing. Let's take a closer look at the advantages of LV vectors: Volume. LV vectors can carry a high volume of transgenes – up to several kilobytes – into host cell DNA, allowing more indications to be addressed. Gene delivery. The viral genome is transmitted to daughter cells upon division, leading to long-term, stable expression of exogenous genes. CRISPR-Cases and Disadvantages. CRISPR-Cas is one of several gene editing technologies available to researchers. Although it can be an extremely laborious approach to induce modifications of genetic material, it, like any other application of gene editing, has several advantages and disadvantages that must be taken into consideration when, mainly, the techniques Genome-wide editing can be interpreted as methods where DNA sequences are modified through deletions, mRNA processing and post-transcriptional modifications to result in altered gene expression, leading to functional protein behavior.4 These methods involve three fundamental steps, including the limitations and advancements of CRISPR Cas-Target effects. . A major concern when implementing CRISPR Cas gene therapy is the relatively high frequency of off-target effects of OTEs, which have been observed at a frequency of ≥50. Current attempts to address this concern include artificial Cas who present,