A Chicago-style bibliography lists the sources cited in your text. Each bibliographic entry begins with the author's name and source title, followed by relevant publication details. The bibliography is listed alphabetically by authors' last names. A bibliography is not required, but is strongly recommended for all but very short articles. A Chicago-style e block is indented in inches and has an intro leading to the e. Special Situations in Chicago In, Block Quotation more words Quote within quote. When quoting: formulate the surrounding sentence so that the words ed fit into it logically and grammatically. 13.11 Integrate tenses and pronouns into the new context 13.12 Surround the ed passage with double ation marks, i.e. ation, 13.30 In Chicago style, when a source does not include numbers page, but you still want to direct the reader to a specific point on it, an alternative locator should be used in your Chicago footnote or in your Chicago in-text citation. With audiovisual sources, e.g. movies, videos, podcasts, songs, this is a timestamp, e.g. 1:15:28. Web pages are generally short. Quotations strengthen your argument or emphasize a discussion of an author's writing style or genre. The Chicago-style e-block format is the same for the author-date style and for the notes. You can even embed information in a note, if necessary. However, most school and college essays do not require this level of complexity. Example: Parenthetical quote from Chicago Systems consisting of “meaningless” elements acquire meaning through self-reference and obedience to formal rules. An in-text citation is a short acknowledgment that you include whenever you search for or retrieve information from a source. 412. Chicago Author-Date Style, a complete guide to,